Monday, 23 January 2017

How to start a private limited company in India?

CS Santosh Jagtap
practicing company secretary

Introduction: On August, 2013 Indian parliament has passed Companies Act, 2013 which is law related to corporate affairs or companies throughout India. This can have a minimum of two (2) members and maximum two (200) hundred members. Private limited company must have at least 2 Directors and can have maximum 15 directors.

Definition of privatelimited company: According to Section 2, Clause 68 of Companies Act 2013,
“private company” means a company having a minimum paid-up share capital of one lakh rupees or such higher paid-up share capital as may be prescribed, and which by its articles,— (i) restricts the right to transfer its shares; (ii) except in case of OnePerson Company, limits the number of its members to two hundred: Provided that where two or more persons hold one or more shares in a company jointly, they shall, for the purposes of this clause, be treated as a single member: Provided further that— (A) persons who are in the employment of the company; and (B) persons who, having been formerly in the employment of the company, were members of the company while in that employment and have continued to be members after the employment ceased, shall not be included in the number of members; and (iii) prohibits any invitation to the public to subscribe for any securities of the company.”

 First we will discuss about what is a private limited company?
 It is business entity incorporated by two or more persons in a corporate world to run a business in name and style of PVT LTD. It creates a brand to the organisation.


AS per sec 2 (68) Private limited company means a company, which 

·        Restrict the Right to transfer its shares of the private company.

·        Limits the number of its members to 200.

·                Prohibits any invitation to the public to subscribe in to private           company.

Minimum capital : To start a private limited company earlier it was mandated that all Private Limited Companies must have a minimum paid up capital of Rs.1 lakh However the companies Amendment Act, 2015 relaxed the minimum capital requirement therefore now no need to maintain any minimum capital to start a company in India.


1.   Minimum Two (2) Shareholders.
2.   Minimum Two (2) Directors (shareholders and directors can be same persons).
3.   No minimum capital required as compare to earlier.
4.   DSC (Digital Signature Certificate) for at least one director.
5.    DIN (Directors Identification Number) for all the directors.

6.   Registered Office (ever company must have registered office for communication purpose all the records and register need to be maintained at Registered Office we can use our home address while forming company later we can change after setup). 

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